ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

Adenoid hypertrophy is the abnormal enlargement of the adenoids, lymphoid tissue located in the upper part of the throat behind the nose. It is common in children and can obstruct the airway, leading to breathing difficulties, snoring, and recurrent ear or sinus infections. Enlarged adenoids may also affect sleep quality, speech, and facial growth if left untreated. The condition can be diagnosed through physical examination, nasal endoscopy, or imaging and may require medical management or surgical removal in severe cases.

A deviated nasal septum (DNS) occurs when the thin wall between the nostrils (septum) is displaced to one side, causing nasal obstruction. It can result from congenital factors or trauma and may lead to difficulty breathing, chronic sinus infections, snoring, or nosebleeds. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, while severe deviations can impact quality of life. Diagnosis is usually through physical examination and nasal endoscopy. Treatment ranges from medical management with decongestants to surgical correction via septoplasty.

A deviated nasal septum (DNS) occurs when the thin wall between the nostrils (septum) is displaced to one side, causing nasal obstruction. It can result from congenital factors or trauma and may lead to difficulty breathing, chronic sinus infections, snoring, or nosebleeds. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, while severe deviations can impact quality of life. Diagnosis is usually through physical examination and nasal endoscopy. Treatment ranges from medical management with decongestants to surgical correction via septoplasty.

Ear infections are common conditions affecting the middle ear (otitis media) or outer ear canal (otitis externa). Otitis media is frequently seen in children and often follows upper respiratory infections, causing fluid buildup behind the eardrum. Otitis externa, also known as swimmer’s ear, results from infection or inflammation of the ear canal, usually due to moisture or injury. Both conditions can cause pain, hearing discomfort, and irritation. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment prevent complications and hearing problems.

CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy is a common treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a condition where the airway collapses during sleep, causing interrupted breathing. CPAP delivers a constant stream of pressurised air through a mask to keep the airway open, improving oxygenation and sleep quality. Regular use reduces daytime sleepiness, lowers cardiovascular risk, and improves overall health. CPAP therapy is non-invasive, effective, and often part of a comprehensive sleep apnea management plan.

Ear cleaning, wax removal, and microsuction are safe ENT procedures used to remove excess or impacted earwax from the ear canal. Microsuction uses gentle suction under magnification to precisely clear wax without water, making it the gold standard for earwax removal. These procedures relieve symptoms such as hearing loss, ear fullness, ringing, itching, or dizziness. When performed by trained professionals, they are quick, effective, and usually painless, allowing clear visualisation of the ear canal and eardrum.

Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure performed to repair a perforated or damaged eardrum (tympanic membrane). The surgery helps restore hearing, prevent recurrent ear infections, and protect the middle ear from water and bacteria. A graft, usually taken from the patient’s own tissue, is used to close the perforation. Tympanoplasty is a safe and effective ENT procedure, commonly done under general anaesthesia, with high success rates and long-term improvement in ear health.

Ear lobe repair and keloid or scar removal are minor surgical procedures performed to correct torn, stretched, or split earlobes and to remove abnormal scar tissue. These conditions often result from heavy earrings, trauma, or piercing complications. The procedure restores the natural shape of the earlobe and improves cosmetic appearance. Keloid removal may be combined with additional treatments to reduce recurrence. These are usually daycare procedures with minimal discomfort and quick recovery.