Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR)
About the disease & condition
Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory rheumatic disorder characterized by pain and stiffness in the shoulder and pelvic girdles. It primarily affects older adults, typically those over 50, and is often associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA).
Known Symptoms
- Classic symptoms: Bilateral shoulder and hip girdle pain and stiffness. Morning stiffness lasting >30 minutes. Acute onset of symptoms (days to weeks).
- Systemic symptoms: Fatigue, low-grade fever, weight loss, malaise.
- Red flags: Headache, jaw claudication, visual changes (suggestive of concomitant giant cell arteritis). Asymmetric symptoms or peripheral arthritis (may indicate other diagnoses).
Known Causes
- Etiology: Unknown, but believed to involve genetic predisposition (e.g., HLA-DR4) and environmental triggers (e.g., infections). More common in women and individuals of Northern European descent.
- Pathophysiology: Systemic inflammation mediated by cytokines (e.g., IL-6) leading to synovitis and bursitis of proximal joints. Possible link to immune system dysregulation and age-related changes.
Care
- Prevention: No known preventive measures; early diagnosis and treatment reduce complications.
- Follow-up: Regular monitoring for symptoms of GCA (e.g., headache, visual changes).
- Bone density monitoring if on long-term steroids. Patient education on steroid side effects and taper adherence.
Note: PMR is a clinical diagnosis supported by labs and response to steroids. It is crucial to rule out GCA due to the risk of permanent vision loss. Collaboration with rheumatology is recommended for complex cases or suspected GCA. Most patients achieve remission, but relapses may require prolonged treatment.
Relevant Specialities
Available At
Here for you, every step of the way
Healthcare can feel overwhelming at times. At KIMSHEALTH Bahrain, we believe care should be transparent and supportive, allowing you to move forward with confidence and comfort. You deserve care you can trust, delivered with understanding and respect.
Our medical teams bring together advanced expertise with a deeply human approach to care. From everyday care to highly specialised treatment, we ensure you feel informed, reassured, and supported throughout your journey - so your experience with us is seamless and secure.
Our medical teams bring together advanced expertise with a deeply human approach to care. From everyday care to highly specialised treatment, we ensure you feel informed, reassured, and supported throughout your journey - so your experience with us is seamless and secure.
