Retinal Vein Occlusion

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the blockage of a retinal vein, leading to reduced blood flow and vision loss. It is the second most common retinal vascular disorder after diabetic retinopathy. Risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, glaucoma, and clotting disorders. Symptoms may present as sudden, painless vision loss, blurred vision, or dark/distorted areas in the visual field. Diagnosis involves fundus examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography. Management focuses on controlling systemic risk factors, regular retinal monitoring, and intravitreal injections for macular oedema.