Neuro-ophthalmic Evaluation / Headache and Visual Pathway Assessment

Neuro-ophthalmic evaluation is a comprehensive assessment of vision related to neurological disorders. It examines visual acuity, visual fields, pupil responses, optic nerve health, ocular motility, and cranial nerve function. The evaluation helps detect optic neuropathies, diplopia, visual loss, or neurological conditions affecting the visual pathways. Techniques include detailed patient history, slit-lamp and dilated fundus examination, visual field testing, OCT of the retinal nerve fiber layer, and neuroimaging such as MRI. Electrophysiology may be used in select cases to guide diagnosis and management.